I-Physicochemical Properties ye-Alkyl Polyglycosides-Isigaba sokuziphatha

Kanambambili izinhlelo

Umdwebo wesigaba se-C12-14 alkyl polyglycoside (C12-14 APG)/ isistimu yamanzi uyahluka kulowo we-APG ye-short-chain. (Umfanekiso 3). Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, indawo eqinile/ewuketshezi ngaphansi kwephoyinti ye-Krafft iyakhiwa, ibe ngaphezu kwebanga elibanzi lokuhlushwa. Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, uhlelo lushintsha lube yisigaba se-isotropic liquid. Ngenxa yokuthi i-crystallization ibambezeleka ngokwezinga elithile, lo mngcele wesigaba ushintsha indawo ngesikhathi sokugcina. Emazingeni aphansi, isigaba soketshezi lwe-isotropic sishintsha ngaphezu kuka-35 ℃ sibe isifunda sezigaba ezimbili sezigaba ezimbili zoketshezi, njengoba kuvame ukubonwa ngama-nononic surfactants. Ezigxilweni ezingaphezu kuka-60% ngesisindo, ukulandelana kwesigaba se-crystalline ye-liquid kwakheka kuwo wonke amazinga okushisa. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi esifundeni sesigaba esisodwa se-isotropic, ukugeleza kwe-birefringence okusobala kungabonwa lapho ukugxila kungaphansi kwesigaba esincibilikile, bese kunyamalala ngokushesha ngemva kokuqedwa kwenqubo yokugunda. Kodwa-ke, asikho isifunda se-polyphase esatholakala ukuthi sihlukaniswe nesigaba se-L1. Esigabeni se-L1, esinye isifunda esinokugeleza okubuthakathaka kwe-birefringence sitholakala eduze nenani eliphansi legebe lokuxubeka koketshezi/uketshezi.
Uphenyo lwe-Phenomenological mayelana nesakhiwo sezigaba ze-crystalline liquid lwenziwa nguPlatz et al. Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezifana ne-polarization microscopy. Ukulandela lolu phenyo, izifunda ezintathu ezihlukene ze-lamellar zicatshangelwa kuzixazululo ezigxilisiwe ze-C12-14 APG: Lα_{l ,}La_lhkanye Lah. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zokuthungwa ngokuya nge-polarization microscopy.
Ngemuva kokugcinwa isikhathi eside, isigaba esijwayelekile se-lamellar liquid crystalline sithuthukisa izifunda ezimnyama ze-pseudoisotropic ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-polarized. Lezi zifunda zihlukaniswe ngokusobala nezindawo ezihlukene kakhulu. Isigaba se-Lαh, esenzeka ebangeni lokuhlushwa elimaphakathi lesifunda sesigaba sekristalu ewuketshezi, emazingeni okushisa aphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, sibonisa ukuthungwa okunjalo. Ukuthungwa kwe-Schlieren akukaze kubonwe, nakuba ama-oil streaks ane-birefringent avame ukuba khona. Uma isampula eliqukethe isigaba se-Lαh lipholiswa ukuze kunqunywe iphoyinti le-Krafft, ukuthungwa kushintsha ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lesici. Izifunda ze-pseudoisotropic kanye nemigqa yamafutha echazwe ngokucacile iyanyamalala. Ekuqaleni, ayikho i-C12-14 APG ecwebezelayo, esikhundleni salokho, kwakhiwa isigaba esisha se-lyotropic esibonisa i-birefringence ebuthakathaka kuphela. Ezimweni eziphakeme kakhulu, lesi sigaba sikhula sifike emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Endabeni ye-alkyl glycosides, kuvela isimo esihlukile.Wonke ama-electrolyte, ngaphandle kwe-sodium hydroxide, aholele ekuncipheni okukhulu kwamaphoyinti amafu.Uhlu lokuhlushwa lwama-electrolyte lumayelana nokuhleleka kobukhulu obuphansi kune-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers. .Ngokumangalisayo, kunomehluko omncane kakhulu phakathi kwama-electrolyte angawodwana.Ukwengezwa kwe-alkali kunciphise kakhulu ukuguqubala. Ukuze kuchazwe umehluko wokuziphatha phakathi kwama-alkyl polyglycol ethers nama-alkyl polyglycol ethers, kucatshangwa ukuthi iqembu le-OH eliqoqwe kuyunithi ye-glucose liye labhekana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokugeleza neqembu le-ethylene oxide. Umthelela omkhulu kakhulu wama-electrolyte kuma-alkyl polyglycol ethers uphakamisa ukuthi kukhona ukushaja ebusweni be-alkyl polyglycoside micelles, kuyilapho ama-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers engakhokhi lutho.
Ngakho-ke, i-alkyl polyglycosides iziphatha njengengxube ye-alkyl polyglycol ethers kanye nama-anionic surfactants. Ucwaningo lokusebenzelana phakathi kwe-alkyl glycosides nama-anionic noma ama-cationic surfactants kanye nokunqunywa kwamandla ku-emulsion kubonisa ukuthi ama-alkyl glycosides micelles aneshaje engaphezulu engalungile ku-pH. ububanzi obungu-3 ~ 9.Ngokuphambene, ukushajwa kwe-alkyl polyethylene glycol ether micelles kuthakazelisa kahle noma kusondele ku-zero. Isizathu sokuthi kungani ama-alkyl glycoside micelles eshajwa kabi asikachazwa ngokugcwele.